{"id":9892,"date":"2025-02-24T15:27:27","date_gmt":"2025-02-24T15:27:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.lshtm.ac.uk\/iceh-new\/?page_id=9892"},"modified":"2025-10-21T09:38:58","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T09:38:58","slug":"diabetic-retinopathy-research-projects-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.lshtm.ac.uk\/iceh-new\/diabetic-retinopathy-research-projects-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Diabetic Retinopathy Research Projects"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” disabled_on=”on|off|off” admin_label=”Packages” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ width=”85%” module_alignment=”center” min_height=”1554px” custom_margin=”|130px|50px||false|false” custom_padding=”70px|4px|0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px||0px|” custom_padding_phone=”” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row admin_label=”Package” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”100%” max_width=”1300px” module_alignment=”center” height=”305px” custom_margin=”-3px|auto|-1px|auto|false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Oswald||||” text_text_color=”#1a1a1a” text_font_size=”40px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” module_alignment=”center” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Diabetic Retinopathy Research Projects<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=”#003389″ divider_position=”center” divider_weight=”3px” disabled_on=”off|off|off” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”150px” module_alignment=”center” height=”false” custom_margin=”30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”top” animation_delay=”100ms” animation_intensity_slide=”10%” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”-13px||-39px|||” custom_padding=”||0px|||” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

(DR) occurs when high blood sugar causes deterioration of the blood vessels at the back of the eye. This can lead to sight loss and eventually blindness.<\/p>\n

In 2020 there were estimated to be 1 million people blind from DR and 160 million with the condition globally. However, all 463 million people worldwide who live with diabetes should be screened regularly for the condition. The amount of people in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) who have DR is increasing disproportionally compared to high income countries.<\/p>\n

To successfully tackle DR, health systems need to have strong links between general medical services, where people with diabetes are identified and referred, and eye care services that deliver DR diagnoses and management.<\/p>\n

Screening for DR also needs to be rapid, low cost and easily provided by general health workers, to ensure that people are not lost to follow-up and a lack of human resource does not hinder services.<\/p>\n

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[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ admin_label=”Package” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”100%” max_width=”1300px” module_alignment=”center” height=”361px” custom_margin=”60px|auto|-1px|auto|false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/blogs.lshtm.ac.uk\/iceh-new\/files\/2025\/03\/Untitled-design-19.png” alt=”a doctor uses a retinal imaging machine, linked to an AI on a laptop” title_text=”Untitled design (19)” align_tablet=”center” align_phone=”” align_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”Package Image” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ animation_direction=”right” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Package Title” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Oswald||||” text_text_color=”#1a1a1a” text_font_size=”24px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” animation_direction=”left” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Artificial Intelligence for DR detection in LMICs<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||||false|false” animation_direction=”left” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

In Tanzania, we are running a clinical trial to assess whether using artificial intelligence (AI) in a real-world programme can improve DR screening outcomes for patients.<\/p>\n

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Integrating DR services into Diabetes Services<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”||-21px|||” animation_direction=”left” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Cost-effective interventions for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) exist but screening and treatment programmes are not regularly implemented in the African region, leaving people at risk of blindness.<\/p>\n

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The Diabetic Retinopathy Network<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”-12px||-4px|||” custom_padding=”||0px|||” animation_direction=”left” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

The Diabetic Retinopathy Network (DR-NET) was formed in 2014 with the aim of building capacity in LMICs to establish integrated Diabetic Retinopathy screening programmes.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Previous Research<\/p>\n

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Diabetic Retinopathy in Kenya: assessment of services and interventions to improve access<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”||0px|||” animation_direction=”left” link_option_url=”\/diabetic-retinopathy-in-kenya-assessment-of-services-and-interventions-to-improve-access\/” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The purpose of this PhD was to provide evidence on the factors and interventions for promoting access and utilisation of services for DR.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”\/diabetic-retinopathy-in-kenya-assessment-of-services-and-interventions-to-improve-access\/” button_text=”Read More” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius=”0px” button_letter_spacing=”4px” button_font=”Oswald|on||on|” button_icon=”$||divi||400″ button_icon_color=”#1a1a1a” custom_margin=”-125px||||false|false” custom_padding=”5px||||false|false” animation_direction=”left” button_text_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius_hover=”0px” button_letter_spacing_hover=”4px” button_bg_color_hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_text_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_radius__hover=”0px” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”on” button_letter_spacing__hover=”4px” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_bg_color__hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=”Package” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”100%” max_width=”1300px” module_alignment=”center” height=”393px” custom_margin=”3px|auto|-150px|auto|false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Package Title” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Oswald||||” text_text_color=”#1a1a1a” text_font_size=”24px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” animation_direction=”left” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Diabetic Retinopathy in India: The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust DR Project<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”||0px|||” animation_direction=”left” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The objective of this project was to pilot integrated models of comprehensive, sustainable and replicable DR care embedded in the public health system.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”\/diabetic-retinopathy-in-india-the-queen-elizabeth-diamond-jubilee-trust-dr-project\/” button_text=”Read More” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius=”0px” button_letter_spacing=”4px” button_font=”Oswald|on||on|” button_icon=”$||divi||400″ button_icon_color=”#1a1a1a” custom_margin=”-125px||||false|false” custom_padding=”5px||||false|false” animation_direction=”left” button_text_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius_hover=”0px” button_letter_spacing_hover=”4px” button_bg_color_hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_text_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_radius__hover=”0px” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”on” button_letter_spacing__hover=”4px” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_bg_color__hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ disabled_on=”off|on|on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text disabled_on=”off|on|on” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Oswald||||” text_text_color=”#1a1a1a” text_font_size=”40px” header_font_size=”40px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px||||false|false” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Diabetic Retinopathy Research Projects<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=”#003389″ divider_position=”center” divider_weight=”3px” disabled_on=”off|off|off” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”150px” module_alignment=”center” height=”false” custom_margin=”30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”top” animation_delay=”100ms” animation_intensity_slide=”10%” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”||3px|||” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

(DR) occurs when high blood sugar causes deterioration of the blood vessels at the back of the eye. This can lead to sight loss and eventually blindness.<\/p>\n

In 2020 there were estimated to be 1 million people blind from DR and 160 million with the condition globally. However, all 463 million people worldwide who live with diabetes should be screened regularly for the condition. The amount of people in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) who have DR is increasing disproportionally compared to high income countries.<\/p>\n

To successfully tackle DR, health systems need to have strong links between general medical services, where people with diabetes are identified and referred, and eye care services that deliver DR diagnoses and management.<\/p>\n

Screening for DR also needs to be rapid, low cost and easily provided by general health workers, to ensure that people are not lost to follow-up and a lack of human resource does not hinder services.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Package Title” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Oswald||||” text_text_color=”#1a1a1a” text_font_size=”24px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” animation_direction=”left” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Artificial Intelligence for DR Detection in LMICs<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”||-21px|||” animation_direction=”left” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

In Tanzania, we are running a clinical trial to assess whether using artificial intelligence (AI) in a real-world programme can improve DR screening outcomes for patients.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Integrating DR Services into Diabetes Services<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”||-21px|||” animation_direction=”left” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Cost-effective interventions for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) exist but screening and treatment programmes are not regularly implemented in the African region, leaving people at risk of blindness.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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The Diabetic Retinopathy Network<\/h2>\n

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The Diabetic Retinopathy Network (DR-NET) was formed in 2014 with the aim of building capacity in LMICs to establish integrated Diabetic Retinopathy screening programmes.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Previous Research<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider color=”#003389″ divider_position=”center” divider_weight=”3px” disabled_on=”off|off|off” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ max_width=”150px” module_alignment=”left” height=”false” custom_margin=”13px|||||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”top” animation_delay=”100ms” animation_intensity_slide=”10%” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Package Title” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Oswald||||” text_text_color=”#1a1a1a” text_font_size=”24px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” animation_direction=”left” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Diabetic Retinopathy in Kenya: assessment of services and interventions to improve access<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”||-45px||false|false” animation_direction=”left” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The purpose of this PhD was to provide evidence on the factors and interventions for promoting access and utilisation of services for DR.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”\/diabetic-retinopathy-in-kenya-assessment-of-services-and-interventions-to-improve-access\/” url_new_window=”on” button_text=”Read More” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius=”0px” button_letter_spacing=”4px” button_font=”Oswald|on||on|” button_icon=”$||divi||400″ button_icon_color=”#1a1a1a” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px|||||” animation_direction=”left” button_text_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius_hover=”0px” button_letter_spacing_hover=”4px” button_bg_color_hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_text_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_radius__hover=”0px” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”on” button_letter_spacing__hover=”4px” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_bg_color__hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Package Title” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Oswald||||” text_text_color=”#1a1a1a” text_font_size=”24px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” animation_direction=”left” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Diabetic Retinopathy in India: The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust DR Project<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=”Description” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ text_font=”Roboto||||” text_text_color=”#323232″ text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”1.8em” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” min_height=”193px” custom_margin=”||-45px||false|false” animation_direction=”left” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

The objective of this project was to pilot integrated models of comprehensive, sustainable and replicable DR care embedded in the public health system.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=”https:\/\/iceh.lshtm.ac.uk\/diabetic-retinopathy-in-india-the-queen-elizabeth-diamond-jubilee-trust-dr-project\/” url_new_window=”on” button_text=”Read More” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ custom_button=”on” button_text_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius=”0px” button_letter_spacing=”4px” button_font=”Oswald|on||on|” button_icon=”$||divi||400″ button_icon_color=”#1a1a1a” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px|||||” animation_direction=”left” button_text_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_color_hover=”#1a1a1a” button_border_radius_hover=”0px” button_letter_spacing_hover=”4px” button_bg_color_hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_text_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_color__hover=”#1a1a1a” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”on” button_border_radius__hover=”0px” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”on” button_letter_spacing__hover=”4px” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”on” button_bg_color__hover=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Diabetic Retinopathy Research Projects(DR) occurs when high blood sugar causes deterioration of the blood vessels at the back of the eye. This can lead to sight loss and eventually blindness. In 2020 there were estimated to be 1 million people blind from DR and 160 million with the condition globally. 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